A
member of the family Benzodiazepines, it is taken orally. It has a relatively
short half life compared to other benzodiazepines (11-16 hours) and fewer metabolites
accumulate. This is of benefit to elderly patients. Benefits can be seen in
a day to a week. The drug gained FDA approval in 1981.
USES: It is an anti anxiety agent and is prescribed for the short term relief of mild to moderate anxiety/tension. It is also used in the treatment of panic attacks, irritable bowel syndrome, PMS, agoraphobia, essential tremor and ringing ears.
MECHANISM OF ACTION: The drug affects the limbic, thalamic and hypothalamic regions of the CNS. It binds with receptors to stop the action of certain neurotransmitters. This produces CNS depression.
ADVICE:
It should only be used for 8 months and is not suitable for kids. It can be
addictive and abrupt cessation of treatment may result in withdrawal symptoms.
It should not be given to psychotics. The drug has not been licensed for pregnant
and breast feeding women as it is 90% plasma protein binding and may pass through
the placenta or into breast milk. It should not be taken with alcohol or sleeping
drugs as this may depress the CNS to too large an extent. Smaller doses should
be given to elderly patients. Xanax should be stored between 15 and 30°C.
OVERDOSE SYMPTOMS: Confusion, loss of consciousness, sleepiness. Can be fatal.