Electrostatics

Electrical forces are by far the most important interactions in chemical systems. For example the electrostatic force between a proton and an electron is more than 1039 times larger than the gravitational force between the same particles.

In each tutorial the level of difficulty of each topic is colour-coded.
This is intended to give you some idea of when it might be appropriate to have a go at it. The colour codings are intended to mean:

Level 0 (green)- this is basic material that you have probably encountered already, although the approach may be slightly different. No prior knowledge is assumed.

Level 1 (gold) - this material has some prerequisites that are covered in the first year mathematics for chemists course. It will be made clear what these prerequisites are; many students will have covered them already as part of Physics or Further Mathematics.

Level 2 (red) - this material is more advanced. It has been provided as background to help you understand courses in the second and third years. You may not be in a position to understand this until you have completed and digested the first year.